It is no coincidence that during the Baroque, architects, painters, sculptors, and landscapers all sought to create pieces that would inspire a sense of admiratio. The visual is the point of contact between the miraculous and the mundane, in which the subject’s perspective on the world becomes enlarged and altered by wonder. We see, then, the close connection in Latinate languages between the experience of astonishment and wonder, and visual arrest. The very word “mirus,” with its derivative “miracolo,” and “miracle” in English, spawns the French verb, “mirer,” to stare, and Spanish, “mirar,” to look at. The etymology of admiratio shows it is derived from the Latin “ad,” toward, and “mirus,” or wonder. Lawsuits decided a hundred years ago do not change that.The cinquecento in Italy witnessed a widespread interest among literary historians and theorists in 'admiration', an edifying, extraordinary experience of astonishment and wonder. Sparks has a right to privacy and a right to object to compulsory medical treatment based on his sincere religious beliefs. “Questioning the sincerity of one’s religious beliefs constitutes religious discrimination and violates federal and state civil rights laws,” the suit states. The college’s denial letter cited Pope Francis’ support for the COVID- 19 shots and said that Sparks did not articulate personal religious beliefs contrary to those of his faith’s leadership. The school also rejected Sparks’ request for a religious exemption, stating that being Catholic does not entitle someone to a religious exemption, and the church has no theological objection to the coronavirus vaccines, according to the suit. The college denied Sparks’ request, saying it was unsupported by medical evidence, the suit states. Sparks, a Catholic, submitted a request for religious and medical exemptions, stating his belief that he has already contracted COVID-19 and thus has natural immunity to the virus while also providing a letter from a doctor, the suit states. “Moreover, forced vaccination policies violate Californians’ right to privacy, an express constitutional right that protects an individual’s freedom of bodily integrity,” the suit states. However, only the state legislature has the power to impose a student vaccine directive, and it has not done so, according to the suit. “The board gave vague reasons for this policy, stating, for example, that the shots represent the best way to slow the spread of COVID-19,” the suit states. 3, 2021, to require that students get a COVID-19 vaccine before attending in-person classes during the fall semester.

The district’s Board of Trustees voted on Aug. Sparks will continue to be treated as a second-class citizen and denied access to an in-person college education,” the suit states.Ī district representative did not immediately reply to a request for comment. The suit also names as a defendant Susan Fila, Santa Monica College’s health services officer, who Sparks believes was among those who denied his request for a religious exemption. Time is of the essence in the suit because Sparks has already lost a semester of education, his court papers state. Sparks also seeks injunctive relief preventing the mandate from being enforced as well as compensatory damages. 11, seeks court orders declaring that the mandate is unconstitutional and that it exceeds the powers of the district. SANTA MONICA, Calif.-A Santa Monica College freshman is suing the Santa Monica Community College District, alleging the school’s coronavirus vaccine mandate for in-person learning violates his religious freedom and his right to privacy.Ĭarter Sparks’ Santa Monica Superior Court lawsuit, filed on Jan.

Susan fila santa monica college